← Documents Documentation/networking/device_drivers/ethernet/intel/e1000.rst GitHub 원문 ↗

Linux 6.18.37 · Networking

Linux Base Driver for Intel(R) Ethernet Network Connection

Intel e1000의 auto-negotiation, interrupt moderation, Rx·Tx descriptor와 delay, checksum·copybreak, Jumbo Frame, ethtool과 WoL 설정을 설명합니다.

Source pathDocumentation/networking/device_drivers/ethernet/intel/e1000.rst
Source versionLinux v6.18.37
TranslationDUJINLABS 전문 번역 + 해설

요약·해설과 원문, 전문 번역을 서로 분리했습니다. API 이름, symbol, source path는 원문 표기를 사용합니다.

1. 요약·해설

원문의 핵심 논리와 kernel programming 관점의 보충 설명입니다. 아래의 전문 번역과는 별도로 작성했습니다.

요약·해설

e1000.rst:1-458

e1000 문서는 Gigabit adapter의 link negotiation과 interrupt·descriptor tuning을 함께 다룹니다. 처리량, CPU 사용량, latency는 서로 영향을 주므로 controller 제약과 traffic class를 확인한 뒤 parameter를 조정해야 합니다.

주요 parameter
Parameter제어 대상Default
AutoNegadvertise할 speed·duplex bitmap0x2F
Duplexauto / half / fullauto
FlowControlPAUSE frame Tx·RxEEPROM
InterruptThrottleRate초당 interrupt 상한mode 3
RxDescriptors / TxDescriptorsqueue buffer 수256 / 256
XsumRX수신 TCP·UDP checksum offload1
Copybreak작은 packet 복사 기준256

기능별 제어 대상과 중요한 default를 요약합니다.

InterruptThrottleRate mode
Mode동작
0offmoderation 비활성화
1dynamicLowest latency에서 최대 70000
3dynamic conservativeBulk 4000, latency class 최대 20000
4simplifiedTX/RX 비율에 따라 2000-8000
100-100000fixed cap초당 interrupt 상한 직접 지정

adaptive moderation의 mode별 동작입니다.

Adaptive traffic 분류
normal-size packet 다수Bulk trafficmode 3: 4000
traffic 적음 / small packet 비율 높음Low latency단계적으로 rate 증가
거의 모두 small packet / 최소 trafficLowest latencymode 3: 20000 / mode 1: 70000

직전 interval의 packet 특성으로 다음 interrupt rate를 정합니다.

Interrupt tuning trade-off
interrupt rate 감소 또는 delay 증가CPU efficiency 개선latency 증가너무 높으면 descriptor 고갈
moderation offsmall-packet latency 개선CPU interrupt load 증가bulk throughput에는 부적합

rate와 delay 조정이 CPU, latency와 descriptor pressure에 미치는 영향입니다.

Descriptor와 delay
항목82542/82543그 밖의 adapterDefault
RxDescriptors48-25648-4096256
TxDescriptors48-25648-4096256
RxIntDelay0-655350-655350
RxAbsIntDelay지원 조건 있음0-65535128
TxIntDelay0-655350-655358
TxAbsIntDelay지원 조건 있음0-6553532

Rx·Tx resource 범위와 interrupt delay default입니다.

Speed·Duplex 결정
fiberkeyword 무시1000 Mbps full-duplex
copper default모든 조합 advertisepartner와 가장 높은 공통 mode
Speed=1000제한된 auto-negotiation1000 Mbps만 advertise
Speed=10 또는 100Speed+Duplex 모두 강제AutoNeg 무시

fiber와 copper, 강제 speed에 따라 negotiation 방식이 달라집니다.

AutoNeg bitmap 핵심
Advertise
0x0110 Half
0x0210 Full
0x04100 Half
0x08100 Full
0x201000 Full
0x2F지원 조합 전체 default

자주 사용하는 bit 조합입니다.

Jumbo Frame 조건
항목조건
활성화MTU > 1500
예시ifconfig eth<x> mtu 9000 up
최대 MTU16110
최대 frame16128
지원하지 않는 속도10 또는 100 Mbps
지원하지 않는 controller82542, 82573V/E

MTU 설정과 hardware·link 제한입니다.

WoL 적용 시점
ethtool로 WoL 구성e1000 driver load 유지shutdown 또는 rebootWoL 활성화

설정 후 driver가 load된 상태에서 종료 절차를 거쳐야 합니다.

2. 영어 원문 전체

번역 기준이 된 Linux v6.18.37 원문입니다. 줄 번호는 이 버전의 파일 좌표입니다.

원문 전체 펼치기
1 .. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+
2
3 ==========================================================
4 Linux Base Driver for Intel(R) Ethernet Network Connection
5 ==========================================================
6
7 Intel Gigabit Linux driver.
8 Copyright(c) 1999 - 2013 Intel Corporation.
9
10 Contents
11 ========
12
13 - Identifying Your Adapter
14 - Command Line Parameters
15 - Speed and Duplex Configuration
16 - Additional Configurations
17 - Support
18
19 Identifying Your Adapter
20 ========================
21
22 For more information on how to identify your adapter, go to the Adapter &
23 Driver ID Guide at:
24
25 http://support.intel.com/support/go/network/adapter/idguide.htm
26
27 For the latest Intel network drivers for Linux, refer to the following
28 website. In the search field, enter your adapter name or type, or use the
29 networking link on the left to search for your adapter:
30
31 http://support.intel.com/support/go/network/adapter/home.htm
32
33 Command Line Parameters
34 =======================
35
36 The default value for each parameter is generally the recommended setting,
37 unless otherwise noted.
38
39 NOTES:
40 For more information about the AutoNeg, Duplex, and Speed
41 parameters, see the "Speed and Duplex Configuration" section in
42 this document.
43
44 For more information about the InterruptThrottleRate,
45 RxIntDelay, TxIntDelay, RxAbsIntDelay, and TxAbsIntDelay
46 parameters, see the application note at:
47 http://www.intel.com/design/network/applnots/ap450.htm
48
49 AutoNeg
50 -------
51
52 (Supported only on adapters with copper connections)
53
54 :Valid Range: 0x01-0x0F, 0x20-0x2F
55 :Default Value: 0x2F
56
57 This parameter is a bit-mask that specifies the speed and duplex settings
58 advertised by the adapter. When this parameter is used, the Speed and
59 Duplex parameters must not be specified.
60
61 NOTE:
62 Refer to the Speed and Duplex section of this readme for more
63 information on the AutoNeg parameter.
64
65 Duplex
66 ------
67
68 (Supported only on adapters with copper connections)
69
70 :Valid Range: 0-2 (0=auto-negotiate, 1=half, 2=full)
71 :Default Value: 0
72
73 This defines the direction in which data is allowed to flow. Can be
74 either one or two-directional. If both Duplex and the link partner are
75 set to auto-negotiate, the board auto-detects the correct duplex. If the
76 link partner is forced (either full or half), Duplex defaults to half-
77 duplex.
78
79 FlowControl
80 -----------
81
82 :Valid Range: 0-3 (0=none, 1=Rx only, 2=Tx only, 3=Rx&Tx)
83 :Default Value: Reads flow control settings from the EEPROM
84
85 This parameter controls the automatic generation(Tx) and response(Rx)
86 to Ethernet PAUSE frames.
87
88 InterruptThrottleRate
89 ---------------------
90
91 (not supported on Intel(R) 82542, 82543 or 82544-based adapters)
92
93 :Valid Range:
94 0,1,3,4,100-100000 (0=off, 1=dynamic, 3=dynamic conservative,
95 4=simplified balancing)
96 :Default Value: 3
97
98 The driver can limit the amount of interrupts per second that the adapter
99 will generate for incoming packets. It does this by writing a value to the
100 adapter that is based on the maximum amount of interrupts that the adapter
101 will generate per second.
102
103 Setting InterruptThrottleRate to a value greater or equal to 100
104 will program the adapter to send out a maximum of that many interrupts
105 per second, even if more packets have come in. This reduces interrupt
106 load on the system and can lower CPU utilization under heavy load,
107 but will increase latency as packets are not processed as quickly.
108
109 The default behaviour of the driver previously assumed a static
110 InterruptThrottleRate value of 8000, providing a good fallback value for
111 all traffic types,but lacking in small packet performance and latency.
112 The hardware can handle many more small packets per second however, and
113 for this reason an adaptive interrupt moderation algorithm was implemented.
114
115 Since 7.3.x, the driver has two adaptive modes (setting 1 or 3) in which
116 it dynamically adjusts the InterruptThrottleRate value based on the traffic
117 that it receives. After determining the type of incoming traffic in the last
118 timeframe, it will adjust the InterruptThrottleRate to an appropriate value
119 for that traffic.
120
121 The algorithm classifies the incoming traffic every interval into
122 classes. Once the class is determined, the InterruptThrottleRate value is
123 adjusted to suit that traffic type the best. There are three classes defined:
124 "Bulk traffic", for large amounts of packets of normal size; "Low latency",
125 for small amounts of traffic and/or a significant percentage of small
126 packets; and "Lowest latency", for almost completely small packets or
127 minimal traffic.
128
129 In dynamic conservative mode, the InterruptThrottleRate value is set to 4000
130 for traffic that falls in class "Bulk traffic". If traffic falls in the "Low
131 latency" or "Lowest latency" class, the InterruptThrottleRate is increased
132 stepwise to 20000. This default mode is suitable for most applications.
133
134 For situations where low latency is vital such as cluster or
135 grid computing, the algorithm can reduce latency even more when
136 InterruptThrottleRate is set to mode 1. In this mode, which operates
137 the same as mode 3, the InterruptThrottleRate will be increased stepwise to
138 70000 for traffic in class "Lowest latency".
139
140 In simplified mode the interrupt rate is based on the ratio of TX and
141 RX traffic. If the bytes per second rate is approximately equal, the
142 interrupt rate will drop as low as 2000 interrupts per second. If the
143 traffic is mostly transmit or mostly receive, the interrupt rate could
144 be as high as 8000.
145
146 Setting InterruptThrottleRate to 0 turns off any interrupt moderation
147 and may improve small packet latency, but is generally not suitable
148 for bulk throughput traffic.
149
150 NOTE:
151 InterruptThrottleRate takes precedence over the TxAbsIntDelay and
152 RxAbsIntDelay parameters. In other words, minimizing the receive
153 and/or transmit absolute delays does not force the controller to
154 generate more interrupts than what the Interrupt Throttle Rate
155 allows.
156
157 CAUTION:
158 If you are using the Intel(R) PRO/1000 CT Network Connection
159 (controller 82547), setting InterruptThrottleRate to a value
160 greater than 75,000, may hang (stop transmitting) adapters
161 under certain network conditions. If this occurs a NETDEV
162 WATCHDOG message is logged in the system event log. In
163 addition, the controller is automatically reset, restoring
164 the network connection. To eliminate the potential for the
165 hang, ensure that InterruptThrottleRate is set no greater
166 than 75,000 and is not set to 0.
167
168 NOTE:
169 When e1000 is loaded with default settings and multiple adapters
170 are in use simultaneously, the CPU utilization may increase non-
171 linearly. In order to limit the CPU utilization without impacting
172 the overall throughput, we recommend that you load the driver as
173 follows::
174
175 modprobe e1000 InterruptThrottleRate=3000,3000,3000
176
177 This sets the InterruptThrottleRate to 3000 interrupts/sec for
178 the first, second, and third instances of the driver. The range
179 of 2000 to 3000 interrupts per second works on a majority of
180 systems and is a good starting point, but the optimal value will
181 be platform-specific. If CPU utilization is not a concern, use
182 RX_POLLING (NAPI) and default driver settings.
183
184 RxDescriptors
185 -------------
186
187 :Valid Range:
188 - 48-256 for 82542 and 82543-based adapters
189 - 48-4096 for all other supported adapters
190 :Default Value: 256
191
192 This value specifies the number of receive buffer descriptors allocated
193 by the driver. Increasing this value allows the driver to buffer more
194 incoming packets, at the expense of increased system memory utilization.
195
196 Each descriptor is 16 bytes. A receive buffer is also allocated for each
197 descriptor and can be either 2048, 4096, 8192, or 16384 bytes, depending
198 on the MTU setting. The maximum MTU size is 16110.
199
200 NOTE:
201 MTU designates the frame size. It only needs to be set for Jumbo
202 Frames. Depending on the available system resources, the request
203 for a higher number of receive descriptors may be denied. In this
204 case, use a lower number.
205
206 RxIntDelay
207 ----------
208
209 :Valid Range: 0-65535 (0=off)
210 :Default Value: 0
211
212 This value delays the generation of receive interrupts in units of 1.024
213 microseconds. Receive interrupt reduction can improve CPU efficiency if
214 properly tuned for specific network traffic. Increasing this value adds
215 extra latency to frame reception and can end up decreasing the throughput
216 of TCP traffic. If the system is reporting dropped receives, this value
217 may be set too high, causing the driver to run out of available receive
218 descriptors.
219
220 CAUTION:
221 When setting RxIntDelay to a value other than 0, adapters may
222 hang (stop transmitting) under certain network conditions. If
223 this occurs a NETDEV WATCHDOG message is logged in the system
224 event log. In addition, the controller is automatically reset,
225 restoring the network connection. To eliminate the potential
226 for the hang ensure that RxIntDelay is set to 0.
227
228 RxAbsIntDelay
229 -------------
230
231 (This parameter is supported only on 82540, 82545 and later adapters.)
232
233 :Valid Range: 0-65535 (0=off)
234 :Default Value: 128
235
236 This value, in units of 1.024 microseconds, limits the delay in which a
237 receive interrupt is generated. Useful only if RxIntDelay is non-zero,
238 this value ensures that an interrupt is generated after the initial
239 packet is received within the set amount of time. Proper tuning,
240 along with RxIntDelay, may improve traffic throughput in specific network
241 conditions.
242
243 Speed
244 -----
245
246 (This parameter is supported only on adapters with copper connections.)
247
248 :Valid Settings: 0, 10, 100, 1000
249 :Default Value: 0 (auto-negotiate at all supported speeds)
250
251 Speed forces the line speed to the specified value in megabits per second
252 (Mbps). If this parameter is not specified or is set to 0 and the link
253 partner is set to auto-negotiate, the board will auto-detect the correct
254 speed. Duplex should also be set when Speed is set to either 10 or 100.
255
256 TxDescriptors
257 -------------
258
259 :Valid Range:
260 - 48-256 for 82542 and 82543-based adapters
261 - 48-4096 for all other supported adapters
262 :Default Value: 256
263
264 This value is the number of transmit descriptors allocated by the driver.
265 Increasing this value allows the driver to queue more transmits. Each
266 descriptor is 16 bytes.
267
268 NOTE:
269 Depending on the available system resources, the request for a
270 higher number of transmit descriptors may be denied. In this case,
271 use a lower number.
272
273 TxIntDelay
274 ----------
275
276 :Valid Range: 0-65535 (0=off)
277 :Default Value: 8
278
279 This value delays the generation of transmit interrupts in units of
280 1.024 microseconds. Transmit interrupt reduction can improve CPU
281 efficiency if properly tuned for specific network traffic. If the
282 system is reporting dropped transmits, this value may be set too high
283 causing the driver to run out of available transmit descriptors.
284
285 TxAbsIntDelay
286 -------------
287
288 (This parameter is supported only on 82540, 82545 and later adapters.)
289
290 :Valid Range: 0-65535 (0=off)
291 :Default Value: 32
292
293 This value, in units of 1.024 microseconds, limits the delay in which a
294 transmit interrupt is generated. Useful only if TxIntDelay is non-zero,
295 this value ensures that an interrupt is generated after the initial
296 packet is sent on the wire within the set amount of time. Proper tuning,
297 along with TxIntDelay, may improve traffic throughput in specific
298 network conditions.
299
300 XsumRX
301 ------
302
303 (This parameter is NOT supported on the 82542-based adapter.)
304
305 :Valid Range: 0-1
306 :Default Value: 1
307
308 A value of '1' indicates that the driver should enable IP checksum
309 offload for received packets (both UDP and TCP) to the adapter hardware.
310
311 Copybreak
312 ---------
313
314 :Valid Range: 0-xxxxxxx (0=off)
315 :Default Value: 256
316 :Usage: modprobe e1000.ko copybreak=128
317
318 Driver copies all packets below or equaling this size to a fresh RX
319 buffer before handing it up the stack.
320
321 This parameter is different than other parameters, in that it is a
322 single (not 1,1,1 etc.) parameter applied to all driver instances and
323 it is also available during runtime at
324 /sys/module/e1000/parameters/copybreak
325
326 SmartPowerDownEnable
327 --------------------
328
329 :Valid Range: 0-1
330 :Default Value: 0 (disabled)
331
332 Allows PHY to turn off in lower power states. The user can turn off
333 this parameter in supported chipsets.
334
335 Speed and Duplex Configuration
336 ==============================
337
338 Three keywords are used to control the speed and duplex configuration.
339 These keywords are Speed, Duplex, and AutoNeg.
340
341 If the board uses a fiber interface, these keywords are ignored, and the
342 fiber interface board only links at 1000 Mbps full-duplex.
343
344 For copper-based boards, the keywords interact as follows:
345
346 - The default operation is auto-negotiate. The board advertises all
347 supported speed and duplex combinations, and it links at the highest
348 common speed and duplex mode IF the link partner is set to auto-negotiate.
349
350 - If Speed = 1000, limited auto-negotiation is enabled and only 1000 Mbps
351 is advertised (The 1000BaseT spec requires auto-negotiation.)
352
353 - If Speed = 10 or 100, then both Speed and Duplex should be set. Auto-
354 negotiation is disabled, and the AutoNeg parameter is ignored. Partner
355 SHOULD also be forced.
356
357 The AutoNeg parameter is used when more control is required over the
358 auto-negotiation process. It should be used when you wish to control which
359 speed and duplex combinations are advertised during the auto-negotiation
360 process.
361
362 The parameter may be specified as either a decimal or hexadecimal value as
363 determined by the bitmap below.
364
365 ============== ====== ====== ======= ======= ====== ====== ======= ======
366 Bit position 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
367 Decimal Value 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
368 Hex value 80 40 20 10 8 4 2 1
369 Speed (Mbps) N/A N/A 1000 N/A 100 100 10 10
370 Duplex Full Full Half Full Half
371 ============== ====== ====== ======= ======= ====== ====== ======= ======
372
373 Some examples of using AutoNeg::
374
375 modprobe e1000 AutoNeg=0x01 (Restricts autonegotiation to 10 Half)
376 modprobe e1000 AutoNeg=1 (Same as above)
377 modprobe e1000 AutoNeg=0x02 (Restricts autonegotiation to 10 Full)
378 modprobe e1000 AutoNeg=0x03 (Restricts autonegotiation to 10 Half or 10 Full)
379 modprobe e1000 AutoNeg=0x04 (Restricts autonegotiation to 100 Half)
380 modprobe e1000 AutoNeg=0x05 (Restricts autonegotiation to 10 Half or 100
381 Half)
382 modprobe e1000 AutoNeg=0x020 (Restricts autonegotiation to 1000 Full)
383 modprobe e1000 AutoNeg=32 (Same as above)
384
385 Note that when this parameter is used, Speed and Duplex must not be specified.
386
387 If the link partner is forced to a specific speed and duplex, then this
388 parameter should not be used. Instead, use the Speed and Duplex parameters
389 previously mentioned to force the adapter to the same speed and duplex.
390
391 Additional Configurations
392 =========================
393
394 Jumbo Frames
395 ------------
396
397 Jumbo Frames support is enabled by changing the MTU to a value larger than
398 the default of 1500. Use the ifconfig command to increase the MTU size.
399 For example::
400
401 ifconfig eth<x> mtu 9000 up
402
403 This setting is not saved across reboots. It can be made permanent if
404 you add::
405
406 MTU=9000
407
408 to the file /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth<x>. This example
409 applies to the Red Hat distributions; other distributions may store this
410 setting in a different location.
411
412 Notes:
413 Degradation in throughput performance may be observed in some Jumbo frames
414 environments. If this is observed, increasing the application's socket buffer
415 size and/or increasing the /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_*mem entry values may help.
416 See the specific application manual and /usr/src/linux*/Documentation/
417 networking/ip-sysctl.txt for more details.
418
419 - The maximum MTU setting for Jumbo Frames is 16110. This value coincides
420 with the maximum Jumbo Frames size of 16128.
421
422 - Using Jumbo frames at 10 or 100 Mbps is not supported and may result in
423 poor performance or loss of link.
424
425 - Adapters based on the Intel(R) 82542 and 82573V/E controller do not
426 support Jumbo Frames. These correspond to the following product names::
427
428 Intel(R) PRO/1000 Gigabit Server Adapter
429 Intel(R) PRO/1000 PM Network Connection
430
431 ethtool
432 -------
433
434 The driver utilizes the ethtool interface for driver configuration and
435 diagnostics, as well as displaying statistical information. The ethtool
436 version 1.6 or later is required for this functionality.
437
438 The latest release of ethtool can be found from
439 https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/network/ethtool/
440
441 Enabling Wake on LAN (WoL)
442 --------------------------
443
444 WoL is configured through the ethtool utility.
445
446 WoL will be enabled on the system during the next shut down or reboot.
447 For this driver version, in order to enable WoL, the e1000 driver must be
448 loaded when shutting down or rebooting the system.
449
450 Support
451 =======
452
453 For general information, go to the Intel support website at:
454 http://support.intel.com
455
456 If an issue is identified with the released source code on the supported
457 kernel with a supported adapter, email the specific information related
458 to the issue to intel-wired-lan@lists.osuosl.org.
459

3. 한국어 전문 번역

영어 원문의 문단 순서와 의미를 유지한 전체 번역입니다. 코드, 함수명, symbol과 URL은 원문 표기를 유지합니다.

문서 범위와 adapter 식별

1-32

이 문서는 `GPL-2.0+` 라이선스를 따릅니다.

Intel(R) Ethernet Network Connection용 Linux Base Driver

Intel Gigabit Linux driver

Copyright(c) 1999-2013 Intel Corporation.

목차

  • Adapter 식별
  • Command line parameter
  • Speed와 duplex 구성
  • 추가 구성
  • 지원

Adapter 식별

adapter 식별 방법은 Adapter & Driver ID Guide `http://support.intel.com/support/go/network/adapter/idguide.htm`을 참고하십시오.

최신 Intel Linux network driver는 `http://support.intel.com/support/go/network/adapter/home.htm`에서 찾을 수 있습니다. 검색란에 adapter 이름이나 유형을 입력하거나 왼쪽의 networking link를 사용하십시오.

.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+

==========================================================
Linux Base Driver for Intel(R) Ethernet Network Connection
==========================================================

Intel Gigabit Linux driver.
Copyright(c) 1999 - 2013 Intel Corporation.

Contents
========

- Identifying Your Adapter
- Command Line Parameters
- Speed and Duplex Configuration
- Additional Configurations
- Support

Identifying Your Adapter
========================

For more information on how to identify your adapter, go to the Adapter &
Driver ID Guide at:

    http://support.intel.com/support/go/network/adapter/idguide.htm

For the latest Intel network drivers for Linux, refer to the following
website.  In the search field, enter your adapter name or type, or use the
networking link on the left to search for your adapter:

    http://support.intel.com/support/go/network/adapter/home.htm

AutoNeg, Duplex와 FlowControl

33-87

Command line parameter

별도 설명이 없으면 각 parameter의 default value가 일반적으로 권장 설정입니다.

`AutoNeg`, `Duplex`, `Speed`는 이 문서의 Speed and Duplex Configuration 절을 참고하십시오. `InterruptThrottleRate`, `RxIntDelay`, `TxIntDelay`, `RxAbsIntDelay`, `TxAbsIntDelay`는 `http://www.intel.com/design/network/applnots/ap450.htm`의 application note를 참고하십시오.

AutoNeg

copper connection adapter에서만 지원합니다.

유효 범위는 `0x01-0x0F`, `0x20-0x2F`, default는 `0x2F`입니다.

adapter가 advertise할 speed와 duplex 설정을 지정하는 bit mask입니다. 이 parameter를 사용할 때는 `Speed`와 `Duplex`를 지정하면 안 됩니다.

Duplex

copper connection adapter에서만 지원합니다.

유효 범위는 `0-2`이며 `0=auto-negotiate`, `1=half`, `2=full`입니다. default는 `0`입니다.

data가 흐를 수 있는 방향을 정의하며 단방향 또는 양방향일 수 있습니다. Duplex와 link partner가 모두 auto-negotiate이면 board가 올바른 duplex를 자동 감지합니다. link partner가 full 또는 half로 강제되어 있으면 Duplex default는 half-duplex입니다.

FlowControl

유효 범위는 `0-3`이며 `0=none`, `1=Rx only`, `2=Tx only`, `3=Rx&Tx`입니다. default는 EEPROM의 flow-control 설정을 읽습니다.

Ethernet PAUSE frame을 자동 생성(Tx)하고 응답(Rx)하는 동작을 제어합니다.

Command Line Parameters
=======================

The default value for each parameter is generally the recommended setting,
unless otherwise noted.

NOTES:
        For more information about the AutoNeg, Duplex, and Speed
        parameters, see the "Speed and Duplex Configuration" section in
        this document.

        For more information about the InterruptThrottleRate,
        RxIntDelay, TxIntDelay, RxAbsIntDelay, and TxAbsIntDelay
        parameters, see the application note at:
        http://www.intel.com/design/network/applnots/ap450.htm

AutoNeg
-------

(Supported only on adapters with copper connections)

:Valid Range:   0x01-0x0F, 0x20-0x2F
:Default Value: 0x2F

This parameter is a bit-mask that specifies the speed and duplex settings
advertised by the adapter.  When this parameter is used, the Speed and
Duplex parameters must not be specified.

NOTE:
       Refer to the Speed and Duplex section of this readme for more
       information on the AutoNeg parameter.

Duplex
------

(Supported only on adapters with copper connections)

:Valid Range:   0-2 (0=auto-negotiate, 1=half, 2=full)
:Default Value: 0

This defines the direction in which data is allowed to flow.  Can be
either one or two-directional.  If both Duplex and the link partner are
set to auto-negotiate, the board auto-detects the correct duplex.  If the
link partner is forced (either full or half), Duplex defaults to half-
duplex.

FlowControl
-----------

:Valid Range:   0-3 (0=none, 1=Rx only, 2=Tx only, 3=Rx&Tx)
:Default Value: Reads flow control settings from the EEPROM

This parameter controls the automatic generation(Tx) and response(Rx)
to Ethernet PAUSE frames.

InterruptThrottleRate

88-183

InterruptThrottleRate

Intel(R) 82542, 82543, 82544 기반 adapter에서는 지원하지 않습니다.

유효 값은 `0`, `1`, `3`, `4`, `100-100000`입니다. `0=off`, `1=dynamic`, `3=dynamic conservative`, `4=simplified balancing`이며 default는 `3`입니다.

드라이버는 adapter가 수신 packet에 대해 초당 생성할 interrupt 수의 상한을 설정할 수 있습니다.

`InterruptThrottleRate`를 100 이상으로 설정하면 수신 packet이 더 많아도 adapter는 초당 그 수보다 많은 interrupt를 보내지 않습니다. heavy load에서 interrupt load와 CPU utilization을 낮추지만 packet 처리가 늦어져 latency가 늘어납니다.

이전 default는 static value `8000`이었습니다. 모든 traffic type의 fallback으로는 적절했지만 small-packet performance와 latency에 약점이 있어 adaptive interrupt moderation algorithm이 도입되었습니다.

7.3.x 이후 mode 1과 3은 직전 timeframe의 traffic type에 따라 `InterruptThrottleRate`를 동적으로 조정합니다.

algorithm은 매 interval마다 수신 traffic을 세 class로 분류합니다. `Bulk traffic`은 일반 크기 packet이 많고, `Low latency`는 traffic이 적거나 small packet 비율이 높으며, `Lowest latency`는 거의 모두 small packet이거나 traffic이 최소인 경우입니다.

dynamic conservative mode 3은 Bulk traffic에서 값을 `4000`으로 설정하고 Low latency 또는 Lowest latency에서는 단계적으로 `20000`까지 높입니다. 대부분의 application에 적합한 default mode입니다.

cluster나 grid computing처럼 low latency가 중요하면 mode 1을 사용할 수 있습니다. mode 3과 같이 동작하지만 Lowest latency class에서 값을 단계적으로 `70000`까지 높입니다.

simplified mode 4는 TX/RX traffic 비율을 사용합니다. bytes-per-second가 거의 같으면 interrupt rate가 초당 `2000`까지 낮아지고, 대부분 transmit 또는 receive이면 `8000`까지 높아질 수 있습니다.

값 `0`은 interrupt moderation을 끄므로 small-packet latency가 좋아질 수 있지만 bulk throughput traffic에는 일반적으로 적합하지 않습니다.

`InterruptThrottleRate`는 `TxAbsIntDelay`와 `RxAbsIntDelay`보다 우선합니다. absolute delay를 줄여도 Interrupt Throttle Rate가 허용한 수보다 많은 interrupt를 controller가 생성하지 않습니다.

주의: Intel(R) PRO/1000 CT Network Connection(controller 82547)에서 값을 `75000`보다 높게 설정하면 특정 network condition에서 adapter가 transmit을 멈출 수 있습니다. `NETDEV WATCHDOG`가 기록되고 controller가 자동 reset됩니다. 이를 방지하려면 값을 `75000` 이하로 유지하고 `0`으로 설정하지 마십시오.

여러 adapter를 default 설정으로 동시에 사용하면 CPU utilization이 비선형적으로 증가할 수 있습니다. 전체 throughput을 유지하면서 CPU 사용량을 제한하는 시작점으로 다음처럼 각 driver instance에 초당 `3000`을 설정합니다.

modprobe e1000 InterruptThrottleRate=3000,3000,3000

대부분의 system에서는 초당 `2000-3000`이 좋은 시작점이지만 최적값은 platform마다 다릅니다. CPU utilization이 문제가 아니면 RX_POLLING(NAPI)과 default driver 설정을 사용하십시오.

InterruptThrottleRate
---------------------

(not supported on Intel(R) 82542, 82543 or 82544-based adapters)

:Valid Range:
   0,1,3,4,100-100000 (0=off, 1=dynamic, 3=dynamic conservative,
   4=simplified balancing)
:Default Value: 3

The driver can limit the amount of interrupts per second that the adapter
will generate for incoming packets. It does this by writing a value to the
adapter that is based on the maximum amount of interrupts that the adapter
will generate per second.

Setting InterruptThrottleRate to a value greater or equal to 100
will program the adapter to send out a maximum of that many interrupts
per second, even if more packets have come in. This reduces interrupt
load on the system and can lower CPU utilization under heavy load,
but will increase latency as packets are not processed as quickly.

The default behaviour of the driver previously assumed a static
InterruptThrottleRate value of 8000, providing a good fallback value for
all traffic types,but lacking in small packet performance and latency.
The hardware can handle many more small packets per second however, and
for this reason an adaptive interrupt moderation algorithm was implemented.

Since 7.3.x, the driver has two adaptive modes (setting 1 or 3) in which
it dynamically adjusts the InterruptThrottleRate value based on the traffic
that it receives. After determining the type of incoming traffic in the last
timeframe, it will adjust the InterruptThrottleRate to an appropriate value
for that traffic.

The algorithm classifies the incoming traffic every interval into
classes.  Once the class is determined, the InterruptThrottleRate value is
adjusted to suit that traffic type the best. There are three classes defined:
"Bulk traffic", for large amounts of packets of normal size; "Low latency",
for small amounts of traffic and/or a significant percentage of small
packets; and "Lowest latency", for almost completely small packets or
minimal traffic.

In dynamic conservative mode, the InterruptThrottleRate value is set to 4000
for traffic that falls in class "Bulk traffic". If traffic falls in the "Low
latency" or "Lowest latency" class, the InterruptThrottleRate is increased
stepwise to 20000. This default mode is suitable for most applications.

For situations where low latency is vital such as cluster or
grid computing, the algorithm can reduce latency even more when
InterruptThrottleRate is set to mode 1. In this mode, which operates
the same as mode 3, the InterruptThrottleRate will be increased stepwise to
70000 for traffic in class "Lowest latency".

In simplified mode the interrupt rate is based on the ratio of TX and
RX traffic.  If the bytes per second rate is approximately equal, the
interrupt rate will drop as low as 2000 interrupts per second.  If the
traffic is mostly transmit or mostly receive, the interrupt rate could
be as high as 8000.

Setting InterruptThrottleRate to 0 turns off any interrupt moderation
and may improve small packet latency, but is generally not suitable
for bulk throughput traffic.

NOTE:
       InterruptThrottleRate takes precedence over the TxAbsIntDelay and
       RxAbsIntDelay parameters.  In other words, minimizing the receive
       and/or transmit absolute delays does not force the controller to
       generate more interrupts than what the Interrupt Throttle Rate
       allows.

CAUTION:
          If you are using the Intel(R) PRO/1000 CT Network Connection
          (controller 82547), setting InterruptThrottleRate to a value
          greater than 75,000, may hang (stop transmitting) adapters
          under certain network conditions.  If this occurs a NETDEV
          WATCHDOG message is logged in the system event log.  In
          addition, the controller is automatically reset, restoring
          the network connection.  To eliminate the potential for the
          hang, ensure that InterruptThrottleRate is set no greater
          than 75,000 and is not set to 0.

NOTE:
       When e1000 is loaded with default settings and multiple adapters
       are in use simultaneously, the CPU utilization may increase non-
       linearly.  In order to limit the CPU utilization without impacting
       the overall throughput, we recommend that you load the driver as
       follows::

           modprobe e1000 InterruptThrottleRate=3000,3000,3000

       This sets the InterruptThrottleRate to 3000 interrupts/sec for
       the first, second, and third instances of the driver.  The range
       of 2000 to 3000 interrupts per second works on a majority of
       systems and is a good starting point, but the optimal value will
       be platform-specific.  If CPU utilization is not a concern, use
       RX_POLLING (NAPI) and default driver settings.

Rx descriptor와 interrupt delay

184-242

RxDescriptors

82542/82543 기반 adapter의 유효 범위는 `48-256`, 그 밖의 지원 adapter는 `48-4096`이며 default는 `256`입니다.

드라이버가 할당하는 receive buffer descriptor 수입니다. 값을 늘리면 더 많은 수신 packet을 buffer할 수 있지만 system memory 사용량이 증가합니다.

descriptor 하나는 16 bytes이며 각각에 receive buffer 하나를 할당합니다. buffer 크기는 MTU에 따라 `2048`, `4096`, `8192`, `16384` bytes 중 하나이고 최대 MTU는 `16110`입니다.

MTU는 frame size를 지정하며 Jumbo Frame을 사용할 때만 설정하면 됩니다. system resource가 부족하면 더 많은 descriptor 요청이 거부될 수 있으므로 이때는 더 낮은 값을 사용하십시오.

RxIntDelay

유효 범위는 `0-65535`, `0=off`, default는 `0`입니다.

receive interrupt 생성을 `1.024 microseconds` 단위로 지연합니다. traffic에 맞게 조정하면 CPU efficiency를 높일 수 있지만, 값을 늘리면 frame receive latency가 추가되고 TCP throughput이 낮아질 수 있습니다.

dropped receive가 보고되면 값이 너무 높아 available receive descriptor가 고갈된 것일 수 있습니다.

주의: `RxIntDelay`를 0 이외의 값으로 설정하면 특정 network condition에서 adapter가 transmit을 멈출 수 있습니다. `NETDEV WATCHDOG` 기록과 controller 자동 reset이 발생할 수 있으므로 가능성을 없애려면 `RxIntDelay=0`을 사용하십시오.

RxAbsIntDelay

82540, 82545 및 이후 adapter에서만 지원합니다. 유효 범위는 `0-65535`, `0=off`, default는 `128`입니다.

receive interrupt가 생성될 때까지의 최대 지연을 `1.024 microseconds` 단위로 제한합니다. `RxIntDelay`가 0이 아닐 때만 유용하며, 첫 packet 수신 후 설정한 시간 안에 interrupt가 반드시 생성되도록 합니다. RxIntDelay와 함께 조정하면 특정 condition에서 throughput을 개선할 수 있습니다.

RxDescriptors
-------------

:Valid Range:
 - 48-256 for 82542 and 82543-based adapters
 - 48-4096 for all other supported adapters
:Default Value: 256

This value specifies the number of receive buffer descriptors allocated
by the driver.  Increasing this value allows the driver to buffer more
incoming packets, at the expense of increased system memory utilization.

Each descriptor is 16 bytes.  A receive buffer is also allocated for each
descriptor and can be either 2048, 4096, 8192, or 16384 bytes, depending
on the MTU setting. The maximum MTU size is 16110.

NOTE:
       MTU designates the frame size.  It only needs to be set for Jumbo
       Frames.  Depending on the available system resources, the request
       for a higher number of receive descriptors may be denied.  In this
       case, use a lower number.

RxIntDelay
----------

:Valid Range:   0-65535 (0=off)
:Default Value: 0

This value delays the generation of receive interrupts in units of 1.024
microseconds.  Receive interrupt reduction can improve CPU efficiency if
properly tuned for specific network traffic.  Increasing this value adds
extra latency to frame reception and can end up decreasing the throughput
of TCP traffic.  If the system is reporting dropped receives, this value
may be set too high, causing the driver to run out of available receive
descriptors.

CAUTION:
          When setting RxIntDelay to a value other than 0, adapters may
          hang (stop transmitting) under certain network conditions.  If
          this occurs a NETDEV WATCHDOG message is logged in the system
          event log.  In addition, the controller is automatically reset,
          restoring the network connection.  To eliminate the potential
          for the hang ensure that RxIntDelay is set to 0.

RxAbsIntDelay
-------------

(This parameter is supported only on 82540, 82545 and later adapters.)

:Valid Range:   0-65535 (0=off)
:Default Value: 128

This value, in units of 1.024 microseconds, limits the delay in which a
receive interrupt is generated.  Useful only if RxIntDelay is non-zero,
this value ensures that an interrupt is generated after the initial
packet is received within the set amount of time.  Proper tuning,
along with RxIntDelay, may improve traffic throughput in specific network
conditions.

Speed, Tx descriptor와 interrupt delay

243-299

Speed

copper connection adapter에서만 지원합니다. 유효 설정은 `0`, `10`, `100`, `1000`이며 default `0`은 지원하는 모든 speed에서 auto-negotiate합니다.

line speed를 지정한 Mbps로 강제합니다. 지정하지 않거나 0이고 link partner가 auto-negotiate이면 board가 올바른 speed를 자동 감지합니다. Speed를 10 또는 100으로 정하면 Duplex도 함께 설정해야 합니다.

TxDescriptors

82542/82543 기반 adapter의 유효 범위는 `48-256`, 그 밖의 지원 adapter는 `48-4096`이며 default는 `256`입니다.

드라이버가 할당하는 transmit descriptor 수입니다. 값을 늘리면 더 많은 transmit을 queue할 수 있습니다. descriptor 하나는 16 bytes입니다. resource가 부족해 높은 값이 거부되면 더 낮은 값을 사용하십시오.

TxIntDelay

유효 범위는 `0-65535`, `0=off`, default는 `8`입니다.

transmit interrupt 생성을 `1.024 microseconds` 단위로 지연합니다. 적절히 조정하면 CPU efficiency를 높일 수 있습니다. dropped transmit이 보고되면 값이 너무 높아 available transmit descriptor가 고갈된 것일 수 있습니다.

TxAbsIntDelay

82540, 82545 및 이후 adapter에서만 지원합니다. 유효 범위는 `0-65535`, `0=off`, default는 `32`입니다.

transmit interrupt 생성의 최대 지연을 `1.024 microseconds` 단위로 제한합니다. `TxIntDelay`가 0이 아닐 때만 유용하며, 첫 packet을 wire로 보낸 뒤 설정한 시간 안에 interrupt가 반드시 생성되도록 합니다. TxIntDelay와 함께 조정하면 특정 condition에서 throughput을 개선할 수 있습니다.

Speed
-----

(This parameter is supported only on adapters with copper connections.)

:Valid Settings: 0, 10, 100, 1000
:Default Value:  0 (auto-negotiate at all supported speeds)

Speed forces the line speed to the specified value in megabits per second
(Mbps).  If this parameter is not specified or is set to 0 and the link
partner is set to auto-negotiate, the board will auto-detect the correct
speed.  Duplex should also be set when Speed is set to either 10 or 100.

TxDescriptors
-------------

:Valid Range:
  - 48-256 for 82542 and 82543-based adapters
  - 48-4096 for all other supported adapters
:Default Value: 256

This value is the number of transmit descriptors allocated by the driver.
Increasing this value allows the driver to queue more transmits.  Each
descriptor is 16 bytes.

NOTE:
       Depending on the available system resources, the request for a
       higher number of transmit descriptors may be denied.  In this case,
       use a lower number.

TxIntDelay
----------

:Valid Range:   0-65535 (0=off)
:Default Value: 8

This value delays the generation of transmit interrupts in units of
1.024 microseconds.  Transmit interrupt reduction can improve CPU
efficiency if properly tuned for specific network traffic.  If the
system is reporting dropped transmits, this value may be set too high
causing the driver to run out of available transmit descriptors.

TxAbsIntDelay
-------------

(This parameter is supported only on 82540, 82545 and later adapters.)

:Valid Range:   0-65535 (0=off)
:Default Value: 32

This value, in units of 1.024 microseconds, limits the delay in which a
transmit interrupt is generated.  Useful only if TxIntDelay is non-zero,
this value ensures that an interrupt is generated after the initial
packet is sent on the wire within the set amount of time.  Proper tuning,
along with TxIntDelay, may improve traffic throughput in specific
network conditions.

Checksum offload, Copybreak와 Smart Power Down

300-334

XsumRX

82542 기반 adapter에서는 지원하지 않습니다. 유효 범위는 `0-1`, default는 `1`입니다.

값 `1`은 수신 packet의 UDP 및 TCP IP checksum offload를 adapter hardware에서 활성화합니다.

Copybreak

유효 범위는 `0-xxxxxxx`, `0=off`, default는 `256`입니다. 예시는 다음과 같습니다.

modprobe e1000.ko copybreak=128

드라이버는 이 크기 이하의 모든 packet을 stack에 넘기기 전에 새 RX buffer로 복사합니다.

다른 parameter와 달리 모든 driver instance에 적용하는 단일 값이며, runtime에도 `/sys/module/e1000/parameters/copybreak`에서 사용할 수 있습니다.

SmartPowerDownEnable

유효 범위는 `0-1`, default는 비활성화인 `0`입니다. 낮은 power state에서 PHY를 끌 수 있게 하며, 지원 chipset에서 사용자가 이 parameter를 끌 수 있습니다.

XsumRX
------

(This parameter is NOT supported on the 82542-based adapter.)

:Valid Range:   0-1
:Default Value: 1

A value of '1' indicates that the driver should enable IP checksum
offload for received packets (both UDP and TCP) to the adapter hardware.

Copybreak
---------

:Valid Range:   0-xxxxxxx (0=off)
:Default Value: 256
:Usage: modprobe e1000.ko copybreak=128

Driver copies all packets below or equaling this size to a fresh RX
buffer before handing it up the stack.

This parameter is different than other parameters, in that it is a
single (not 1,1,1 etc.) parameter applied to all driver instances and
it is also available during runtime at
/sys/module/e1000/parameters/copybreak

SmartPowerDownEnable
--------------------

:Valid Range: 0-1
:Default Value:  0 (disabled)

Allows PHY to turn off in lower power states. The user can turn off
this parameter in supported chipsets.

Speed와 duplex configuration

335-390

Speed와 duplex configuration

`Speed`, `Duplex`, `AutoNeg` 세 keyword로 구성을 제어합니다.

fiber interface board에서는 이 keyword를 무시하며 1000 Mbps full-duplex로만 link됩니다.

copper board에서는 다음과 같이 상호작용합니다.

  • default는 auto-negotiate입니다. board는 지원하는 모든 speed/duplex 조합을 advertise하고, partner도 auto-negotiate일 때 공통 조합 중 가장 높은 값으로 link합니다.
  • `Speed=1000`이면 제한된 auto-negotiation이 활성화되고 1000 Mbps만 advertise합니다. 1000BaseT specification은 auto-negotiation을 요구합니다.
  • `Speed=10` 또는 `100`이면 Speed와 Duplex를 모두 설정해야 합니다. auto-negotiation이 비활성화되고 AutoNeg는 무시되며 partner도 같은 값으로 강제해야 합니다.

`AutoNeg`는 auto-negotiation 중 advertise할 speed/duplex 조합을 더 세밀하게 제어할 때 사용합니다. 아래 bitmap에 따라 decimal 또는 hexadecimal로 지정할 수 있습니다.

AutoNeg bitmap
BitDecimalHexSpeedDuplex
5320x201000Full
380x08100Full
240x04100Half
120x0210Full
010x0110Half

bit별 advertise 조합입니다. bit 4, 6, 7은 speed/duplex 조합에 배정되지 않습니다.

AutoNeg 사용 예시는 다음과 같습니다.

modprobe e1000 AutoNeg=0x01  # 10 Half
modprobe e1000 AutoNeg=1     # 위와 같음
modprobe e1000 AutoNeg=0x02  # 10 Full
modprobe e1000 AutoNeg=0x03  # 10 Half 또는 10 Full
modprobe e1000 AutoNeg=0x04  # 100 Half
modprobe e1000 AutoNeg=0x05  # 10 Half 또는 100 Half
modprobe e1000 AutoNeg=0x020 # 1000 Full
modprobe e1000 AutoNeg=32    # 위와 같음

AutoNeg를 사용할 때 Speed와 Duplex를 지정하면 안 됩니다. link partner가 특정 speed와 duplex로 강제되어 있으면 AutoNeg 대신 Speed와 Duplex를 사용해 adapter도 같은 값으로 강제하십시오.

Speed and Duplex Configuration
==============================

Three keywords are used to control the speed and duplex configuration.
These keywords are Speed, Duplex, and AutoNeg.

If the board uses a fiber interface, these keywords are ignored, and the
fiber interface board only links at 1000 Mbps full-duplex.

For copper-based boards, the keywords interact as follows:

- The default operation is auto-negotiate.  The board advertises all
  supported speed and duplex combinations, and it links at the highest
  common speed and duplex mode IF the link partner is set to auto-negotiate.

- If Speed = 1000, limited auto-negotiation is enabled and only 1000 Mbps
  is advertised (The 1000BaseT spec requires auto-negotiation.)

- If Speed = 10 or 100, then both Speed and Duplex should be set.  Auto-
  negotiation is disabled, and the AutoNeg parameter is ignored.  Partner
  SHOULD also be forced.

The AutoNeg parameter is used when more control is required over the
auto-negotiation process.  It should be used when you wish to control which
speed and duplex combinations are advertised during the auto-negotiation
process.

The parameter may be specified as either a decimal or hexadecimal value as
determined by the bitmap below.

============== ====== ====== ======= ======= ====== ====== ======= ======
Bit position   7      6      5       4       3      2      1       0
Decimal Value  128    64     32      16      8      4      2       1
Hex value      80     40     20      10      8      4      2       1
Speed (Mbps)   N/A    N/A    1000    N/A     100    100    10      10
Duplex                       Full            Full   Half   Full    Half
============== ====== ====== ======= ======= ====== ====== ======= ======

Some examples of using AutoNeg::

  modprobe e1000 AutoNeg=0x01 (Restricts autonegotiation to 10 Half)
  modprobe e1000 AutoNeg=1 (Same as above)
  modprobe e1000 AutoNeg=0x02 (Restricts autonegotiation to 10 Full)
  modprobe e1000 AutoNeg=0x03 (Restricts autonegotiation to 10 Half or 10 Full)
  modprobe e1000 AutoNeg=0x04 (Restricts autonegotiation to 100 Half)
  modprobe e1000 AutoNeg=0x05 (Restricts autonegotiation to 10 Half or 100
  Half)
  modprobe e1000 AutoNeg=0x020 (Restricts autonegotiation to 1000 Full)
  modprobe e1000 AutoNeg=32 (Same as above)

Note that when this parameter is used, Speed and Duplex must not be specified.

If the link partner is forced to a specific speed and duplex, then this
parameter should not be used.  Instead, use the Speed and Duplex parameters
previously mentioned to force the adapter to the same speed and duplex.

Jumbo Frame 구성과 제한

391-430

추가 configuration

Jumbo Frame

MTU를 default `1500`보다 크게 바꾸면 Jumbo Frame 지원이 활성화됩니다. 예를 들어 다음 command로 MTU를 늘립니다.

ifconfig eth<x> mtu 9000 up

이 설정은 reboot 후 유지되지 않습니다. Red Hat distribution에서는 `/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth<x>`에 다음 값을 추가해 영구 설정할 수 있습니다. 다른 distribution은 위치가 다를 수 있습니다.

MTU=9000

일부 Jumbo Frame 환경에서는 throughput이 낮아질 수 있습니다. 이때 application socket buffer나 `/proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_*mem` 값을 늘리면 도움이 될 수 있습니다. application manual과 `/usr/src/linux*/Documentation/networking/ip-sysctl.txt`를 참고하십시오.

  • Jumbo Frame의 최대 MTU는 `16110`이며 최대 Jumbo Frame 크기 `16128`에 대응합니다.
  • 10 또는 100 Mbps에서 Jumbo Frame은 지원하지 않으며 performance 저하나 link 손실이 발생할 수 있습니다.
  • Intel(R) 82542 및 82573V/E controller 기반 adapter는 Jumbo Frame을 지원하지 않습니다.

지원하지 않는 제품명은 `Intel(R) PRO/1000 Gigabit Server Adapter`와 `Intel(R) PRO/1000 PM Network Connection`입니다.

Additional Configurations
=========================

Jumbo Frames
------------

  Jumbo Frames support is enabled by changing the MTU to a value larger than
  the default of 1500.  Use the ifconfig command to increase the MTU size.
  For example::

       ifconfig eth<x> mtu 9000 up

  This setting is not saved across reboots.  It can be made permanent if
  you add::

       MTU=9000

  to the file /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth<x>.  This example
  applies to the Red Hat distributions; other distributions may store this
  setting in a different location.

Notes:
  Degradation in throughput performance may be observed in some Jumbo frames
  environments. If this is observed, increasing the application's socket buffer
  size and/or increasing the /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_*mem entry values may help.
  See the specific application manual and /usr/src/linux*/Documentation/
  networking/ip-sysctl.txt for more details.

  - The maximum MTU setting for Jumbo Frames is 16110.  This value coincides
    with the maximum Jumbo Frames size of 16128.

  - Using Jumbo frames at 10 or 100 Mbps is not supported and may result in
    poor performance or loss of link.

  - Adapters based on the Intel(R) 82542 and 82573V/E controller do not
    support Jumbo Frames. These correspond to the following product names::

     Intel(R) PRO/1000 Gigabit Server Adapter
     Intel(R) PRO/1000 PM Network Connection

ethtool과 Wake on LAN

431-449

ethtool

드라이버는 configuration, diagnostics와 통계 표시에 ethtool interface를 사용합니다. ethtool version 1.6 이상이 필요합니다.

최신 ethtool release는 `https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/network/ethtool/`에서 찾을 수 있습니다.

Wake on LAN(WoL) 활성화

WoL은 ethtool utility로 구성합니다.

WoL은 다음 shutdown 또는 reboot 때 system에서 활성화됩니다. 이 driver version에서는 종료나 reboot 시 e1000 driver가 load되어 있어야 합니다.

ethtool
-------

  The driver utilizes the ethtool interface for driver configuration and
  diagnostics, as well as displaying statistical information.  The ethtool
  version 1.6 or later is required for this functionality.

  The latest release of ethtool can be found from
  https://www.kernel.org/pub/software/network/ethtool/

Enabling Wake on LAN (WoL)
--------------------------

  WoL is configured through the ethtool utility.

  WoL will be enabled on the system during the next shut down or reboot.
  For this driver version, in order to enable WoL, the e1000 driver must be
  loaded when shutting down or rebooting the system.

지원

450-458

지원

일반 정보는 Intel support website `http://support.intel.com`을 참고하십시오.

지원되는 adapter와 kernel에서 공개 source code의 문제가 확인되면 구체적인 정보를 `intel-wired-lan@lists.osuosl.org`로 보내십시오.

Support
=======

For general information, go to the Intel support website at:
http://support.intel.com

If an issue is identified with the released source code on the supported
kernel with a supported adapter, email the specific information related
to the issue to intel-wired-lan@lists.osuosl.org.