요약·해설과 원문, 전문 번역을 서로 분리했습니다. API 이름, symbol, source path는 원문 표기를 사용합니다.
1. 요약·해설
원문의 핵심 논리와 kernel programming 관점의 보충 설명입니다. 아래의 전문 번역과는 별도로 작성했습니다.
Package PL1 and critical I1 limits
sysfs-driver-intel-xe-hwmon:41-103power2 계열은 package 범위의 PL1·TDP·energy·Tau를 제공하며, critical I1은 client에서 microwatts, server에서 milliamperes 단위로 노출됩니다.
Voltage, temperature and fan telemetry
sysfs-driver-intel-xe-hwmon:104-151Package voltage, package·VRAM temperature와 Fan 1~3의 RPM을 read-only hwmon attributes로 읽습니다.
Card and package PL2 burst limits
sysfs-driver-intel-xe-hwmon:152-198power1_cap과 power2_cap은 PL1보다 크고 더 짧은 window를 쓰는 card·package PL2 burst limits이며 각 cap_interval이 PL2/Tau averaging interval을 정합니다.
2. 영어 원문 전체
번역 기준이 된 Linux v6.18.37 원문입니다. 줄 번호는 이 버전의 파일 좌표입니다.
원문 전체 펼치기
1
What: /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/power1_max
2
Date: September 2023
3
KernelVersion: 6.5
4
Contact: intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org
5
Description: RW. Card reactive sustained (PL1) power limit in microwatts.
7
The power controller will throttle the operating frequency
8
if the power averaged over a window (typically seconds)
9
exceeds this limit. A read value of 0 means that the PL1
10
power limit is disabled, writing 0 disables the
11
limit. Writing values > 0 and <= TDP will enable the power limit.
13
Only supported for particular Intel Xe graphics platforms.
15
What: /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/power1_rated_max
16
Date: September 2023
17
KernelVersion: 6.5
18
Contact: intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org
19
Description: RO. Card default power limit (default TDP setting).
21
Only supported for particular Intel Xe graphics platforms.
24
What: /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/energy1_input
25
Date: September 2023
26
KernelVersion: 6.5
27
Contact: intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org
28
Description: RO. Card energy input of device in microjoules.
30
Only supported for particular Intel Xe graphics platforms.
32
What: /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/power1_max_interval
33
Date: October 2023
34
KernelVersion: 6.6
35
Contact: intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org
36
Description: RW. Card sustained power limit interval (Tau in PL1/Tau) in
37
milliseconds over which sustained power is averaged.
39
Only supported for particular Intel Xe graphics platforms.
41
What: /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/power2_max
42
Date: February 2024
43
KernelVersion: 6.8
44
Contact: intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org
45
Description: RW. Package reactive sustained (PL1) power limit in microwatts.
47
The power controller will throttle the operating frequency
48
if the power averaged over a window (typically seconds)
49
exceeds this limit. A read value of 0 means that the PL1
50
power limit is disabled, writing 0 disables the
51
limit. Writing values > 0 and <= TDP will enable the power limit.
53
Only supported for particular Intel Xe graphics platforms.
55
What: /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/power2_rated_max
56
Date: February 2024
57
KernelVersion: 6.8
58
Contact: intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org
59
Description: RO. Package default power limit (default TDP setting).
61
Only supported for particular Intel Xe graphics platforms.
63
What: /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/power1_crit
64
Date: May 2025
65
KernelVersion: 6.15
66
Contact: intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org
67
Description: RW. Card reactive critical (I1) power limit in microwatts.
69
Card reactive critical (I1) power limit in microwatts is exposed
70
for client products. The power controller will throttle the
71
operating frequency if the power averaged over a window exceeds
72
this limit.
74
Only supported for particular Intel Xe graphics platforms.
76
What: /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/curr1_crit
77
Date: May 2025
78
KernelVersion: 6.15
79
Contact: intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org
80
Description: RW. Card reactive critical (I1) power limit in milliamperes.
82
Card reactive critical (I1) power limit in milliamperes is
83
exposed for server products. The power controller will throttle
84
the operating frequency if the power averaged over a window
85
exceeds this limit.
87
What: /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/energy2_input
88
Date: February 2024
89
KernelVersion: 6.8
90
Contact: intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org
91
Description: RO. Package energy input of device in microjoules.
93
Only supported for particular Intel Xe graphics platforms.
95
What: /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/power2_max_interval
96
Date: February 2024
97
KernelVersion: 6.8
98
Contact: intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org
99
Description: RW. Package sustained power limit interval (Tau in PL1/Tau) in
100
milliseconds over which sustained power is averaged.
102
Only supported for particular Intel Xe graphics platforms.
104
What: /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/in1_input
105
Date: February 2024
106
KernelVersion: 6.8
107
Contact: intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org
108
Description: RO. Package current voltage in millivolt.
110
Only supported for particular Intel Xe graphics platforms.
112
What: /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/temp2_input
113
Date: March 2025
114
KernelVersion: 6.15
115
Contact: intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org
116
Description: RO. Package temperature in millidegree Celsius.
118
Only supported for particular Intel Xe graphics platforms.
120
What: /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/temp3_input
121
Date: March 2025
122
KernelVersion: 6.15
123
Contact: intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org
124
Description: RO. VRAM temperature in millidegree Celsius.
126
Only supported for particular Intel Xe graphics platforms.
128
What: /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/fan1_input
129
Date: March 2025
130
KernelVersion: 6.16
131
Contact: intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org
132
Description: RO. Fan 1 speed in RPM.
134
Only supported for particular Intel Xe graphics platforms.
136
What: /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/fan2_input
137
Date: March 2025
138
KernelVersion: 6.16
139
Contact: intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org
140
Description: RO. Fan 2 speed in RPM.
142
Only supported for particular Intel Xe graphics platforms.
144
What: /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/fan3_input
145
Date: March 2025
146
KernelVersion: 6.16
147
Contact: intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org
148
Description: RO. Fan 3 speed in RPM.
150
Only supported for particular Intel Xe graphics platforms.
152
What: /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/power1_cap
153
Date: May 2025
154
KernelVersion: 6.15
155
Contact: intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org
156
Description: RW. Card burst (PL2) power limit in microwatts.
158
The power controller will throttle the operating frequency
159
if the power averaged over a window (typically milli seconds)
160
exceeds this limit. A read value of 0 means that the PL2
161
power limit is disabled, writing 0 disables the limit.
162
PL2 is greater than PL1 and its time window is lesser
163
compared to PL1.
165
Only supported for particular Intel Xe graphics platforms.
167
What: /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/power2_cap
168
Date: May 2025
169
KernelVersion: 6.15
170
Contact: intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org
171
Description: RW. Package burst (PL2) power limit in microwatts.
173
The power controller will throttle the operating frequency
174
if the power averaged over a window (typically milli seconds)
175
exceeds this limit. A read value of 0 means that the PL2
176
power limit is disabled, writing 0 disables the limit.
177
PL2 is greater than PL1 and its time window is lesser
178
compared to PL1.
180
Only supported for particular Intel Xe graphics platforms.
182
What: /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/power1_cap_interval
183
Date: May 2025
184
KernelVersion: 6.15
185
Contact: intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org
186
Description: RW. Card burst power limit interval (Tau in PL2/Tau) in
187
milliseconds over which sustained power is averaged.
189
Only supported for particular Intel Xe graphics platforms.
191
What: /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/power2_cap_interval
192
Date: May 2025
193
KernelVersion: 6.15
194
Contact: intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org
195
Description: RW. Package burst power limit interval (Tau in PL2/Tau) in
196
milliseconds over which sustained power is averaged.
198
Only supported for particular Intel Xe graphics platforms.
3. 한국어 전문 번역
영어 원문의 문단 순서와 의미를 유지한 전체 번역입니다. 코드, 함수명, symbol과 URL은 원문 표기를 유지합니다.
Card sustained PL1 power limit
1-14| 항목 | 한국어 전문 번역 |
|---|---|
| What | /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/power1_max |
| Date | 2023년 9월 |
| KernelVersion | 6.5 |
| Contact | intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org |
| Description | Card의 reactive sustained power limit(PL1)입니다. 일반적으로 seconds 단위인 window에서 평균한 power가 이 limit을 넘으면 power controller가 operating frequency를 throttle합니다. 읽은 값 0은 PL1 power limit이 disabled임을 뜻하고 0을 쓰면 limit을 disable합니다. 0보다 크고 TDP 이하인 값을 쓰면 power limit을 enable합니다. 특정 Intel Xe graphics platforms에서만 지원합니다. |
| Access | Read-write |
| Unit | Microwatts |
ScopeControl / telemetryAttributesUnit
CardPL1 sustained limitpower1_max, power1_rated_max, power1_max_intervalMicrowatts / milliseconds
PackagePL1 sustained limitpower2_max, power2_rated_max, power2_max_intervalMicrowatts / milliseconds
CardI1 critical limitpower1_crit (client), curr1_crit (server)Microwatts / milliamperes
Card / PackagePL2 burst limitpower1_cap, power2_cap, power1_cap_interval, power2_cap_intervalMicrowatts / milliseconds
Card / PackageEnergyenergy1_input, energy2_inputMicrojoules
Package / VRAM / FansVoltage, temperature, speedin1_input, temp2_input, temp3_input, fan1_input..fan3_inputMillivolt / millidegree Celsius / RPM
Card와 package control·telemetry attributes를 scope와 단위별로 정리했습니다.
Set power1_max or power2_max above 0 and at or below TDP→Average power over PL1/Tau window, typically seconds→Compare averaged power with sustained PL1 limit→Throttle operating frequency when the limit is exceeded→Read or write 0 to represent or request a disabled PL1 limit
PL1 value와 averaging window가 frequency throttling을 결정하는 흐름입니다.
Card default power limit
15-23| 항목 | 한국어 전문 번역 |
|---|---|
| What | /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/power1_rated_max |
| Date | 2023년 9월 |
| KernelVersion | 6.5 |
| Contact | intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org |
| Description | Card의 default power limit, 즉 default TDP setting을 반환합니다. 특정 Intel Xe graphics platforms에서만 지원합니다. |
| Access | Read-only |
| Unit | Microwatts |
Card energy input
24-31| 항목 | 한국어 전문 번역 |
|---|---|
| What | /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/energy1_input |
| Date | 2023년 9월 |
| KernelVersion | 6.5 |
| Contact | intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org |
| Description | Device card 범위의 energy input을 microjoules 단위로 반환합니다. 특정 Intel Xe graphics platforms에서만 지원합니다. |
| Access | Read-only |
| Unit | Microjoules |
Card PL1 averaging interval
32-40| 항목 | 한국어 전문 번역 |
|---|---|
| What | /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/power1_max_interval |
| Date | 2023년 10월 |
| KernelVersion | 6.6 |
| Contact | intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org |
| Description | Sustained power를 평균하는 card sustained power-limit interval, 즉 PL1/Tau의 Tau를 milliseconds 단위로 설정합니다. 특정 Intel Xe graphics platforms에서만 지원합니다. |
| Access | Read-write |
| Unit | Milliseconds |
Package sustained PL1 power limit
41-54| 항목 | 한국어 전문 번역 |
|---|---|
| What | /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/power2_max |
| Date | 2024년 2월 |
| KernelVersion | 6.8 |
| Contact | intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org |
| Description | Package의 reactive sustained power limit(PL1)입니다. 일반적으로 seconds 단위인 window에서 평균한 power가 이 limit을 넘으면 power controller가 operating frequency를 throttle합니다. 읽은 값 0은 PL1 power limit이 disabled임을 뜻하고 0을 쓰면 limit을 disable합니다. 0보다 크고 TDP 이하인 값을 쓰면 power limit을 enable합니다. 특정 Intel Xe graphics platforms에서만 지원합니다. |
| Access | Read-write |
| Unit | Microwatts |
Package default power limit
55-62| 항목 | 한국어 전문 번역 |
|---|---|
| What | /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/power2_rated_max |
| Date | 2024년 2월 |
| KernelVersion | 6.8 |
| Contact | intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org |
| Description | Package의 default power limit, 즉 default TDP setting을 반환합니다. 특정 Intel Xe graphics platforms에서만 지원합니다. |
| Access | Read-only |
| Unit | Microwatts |
Client card critical I1 power limit
63-75| 항목 | 한국어 전문 번역 |
|---|---|
| What | /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/power1_crit |
| Date | 2025년 5월 |
| KernelVersion | 6.15 |
| Contact | intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org |
| Description | Client products에 노출되는 card reactive critical I1 power limit입니다. Window에서 평균한 power가 이 limit을 넘으면 power controller가 operating frequency를 throttle합니다. 특정 Intel Xe graphics platforms에서만 지원합니다. |
| Access | Read-write |
| Unit | Microwatts |
ProductAttributeQuantityUnit
Clientpower1_critCard reactive critical I1 powerMicrowatts
Servercurr1_critCard reactive critical I1 currentMilliamperes
Product class에 따라 같은 critical I1 limit이 서로 다른 quantity와 unit으로 노출됩니다.
Server card critical I1 current limit
76-86| 항목 | 한국어 전문 번역 |
|---|---|
| What | /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/curr1_crit |
| Date | 2025년 5월 |
| KernelVersion | 6.15 |
| Contact | intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org |
| Description | Server products에 노출되는 card reactive critical I1 limit입니다. Milliamperes 단위이며 window에서 평균한 power가 이 limit을 넘으면 power controller가 operating frequency를 throttle합니다. |
| Access | Read-write |
| Unit | Milliamperes |
Package energy input
87-94| 항목 | 한국어 전문 번역 |
|---|---|
| What | /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/energy2_input |
| Date | 2024년 2월 |
| KernelVersion | 6.8 |
| Contact | intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org |
| Description | Device package 범위의 energy input을 microjoules 단위로 반환합니다. 특정 Intel Xe graphics platforms에서만 지원합니다. |
| Access | Read-only |
| Unit | Microjoules |
Package PL1 averaging interval
95-103| 항목 | 한국어 전문 번역 |
|---|---|
| What | /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/power2_max_interval |
| Date | 2024년 2월 |
| KernelVersion | 6.8 |
| Contact | intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org |
| Description | Sustained power를 평균하는 package sustained power-limit interval, 즉 PL1/Tau의 Tau를 milliseconds 단위로 설정합니다. 특정 Intel Xe graphics platforms에서만 지원합니다. |
| Access | Read-write |
| Unit | Milliseconds |
Package voltage input
104-111| 항목 | 한국어 전문 번역 |
|---|---|
| What | /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/in1_input |
| Date | 2024년 2월 |
| KernelVersion | 6.8 |
| Contact | intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org |
| Description | Package의 current voltage를 millivolt 단위로 반환합니다. 특정 Intel Xe graphics platforms에서만 지원합니다. |
| Access | Read-only |
| Unit | Millivolt |
Package temperature
112-119| 항목 | 한국어 전문 번역 |
|---|---|
| What | /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/temp2_input |
| Date | 2025년 3월 |
| KernelVersion | 6.15 |
| Contact | intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org |
| Description | Package temperature를 millidegree Celsius 단위로 반환합니다. 특정 Intel Xe graphics platforms에서만 지원합니다. |
| Access | Read-only |
| Unit | Millidegree Celsius |
AttributeMeasured componentUnit
temp2_inputPackage temperatureMillidegree Celsius
temp3_inputVRAM temperatureMillidegree Celsius
fan1_inputFan 1 speedRPM
fan2_inputFan 2 speedRPM
fan3_inputFan 3 speedRPM
Package·VRAM thermal sensors와 세 fan-speed inputs를 구분합니다.
VRAM temperature
120-127| 항목 | 한국어 전문 번역 |
|---|---|
| What | /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/temp3_input |
| Date | 2025년 3월 |
| KernelVersion | 6.15 |
| Contact | intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org |
| Description | VRAM temperature를 millidegree Celsius 단위로 반환합니다. 특정 Intel Xe graphics platforms에서만 지원합니다. |
| Access | Read-only |
| Unit | Millidegree Celsius |
Fan 1 speed
128-135| 항목 | 한국어 전문 번역 |
|---|---|
| What | /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/fan1_input |
| Date | 2025년 3월 |
| KernelVersion | 6.16 |
| Contact | intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org |
| Description | Fan 1 speed를 RPM 단위로 반환합니다. 특정 Intel Xe graphics platforms에서만 지원합니다. |
| Access | Read-only |
| Unit | RPM |
Fan 2 speed
136-143| 항목 | 한국어 전문 번역 |
|---|---|
| What | /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/fan2_input |
| Date | 2025년 3월 |
| KernelVersion | 6.16 |
| Contact | intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org |
| Description | Fan 2 speed를 RPM 단위로 반환합니다. 특정 Intel Xe graphics platforms에서만 지원합니다. |
| Access | Read-only |
| Unit | RPM |
Fan 3 speed
144-151| 항목 | 한국어 전문 번역 |
|---|---|
| What | /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/fan3_input |
| Date | 2025년 3월 |
| KernelVersion | 6.16 |
| Contact | intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org |
| Description | Fan 3 speed를 RPM 단위로 반환합니다. 특정 Intel Xe graphics platforms에서만 지원합니다. |
| Access | Read-only |
| Unit | RPM |
Card burst PL2 power limit
152-166| 항목 | 한국어 전문 번역 |
|---|---|
| What | /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/power1_cap |
| Date | 2025년 5월 |
| KernelVersion | 6.15 |
| Contact | intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org |
| Description | Card의 burst power limit(PL2)입니다. 일반적으로 milliseconds 단위인 window에서 평균한 power가 이 limit을 넘으면 power controller가 operating frequency를 throttle합니다. 읽은 값 0은 PL2 power limit이 disabled임을 뜻하고 0을 쓰면 limit을 disable합니다. PL2는 PL1보다 크며 그 time window는 PL1보다 짧습니다. 특정 Intel Xe graphics platforms에서만 지원합니다. |
| Access | Read-write |
| Unit | Microwatts |
LimitBehaviorTypical windowCardPackage
PL1Sustained; value must be above 0 and at or below TDPSecondspower1_maxpower2_max
PL2Burst; greater than PL1Milliseconds; shorter than PL1power1_cappower2_cap
TauAveraging intervalMillisecondspower1_*_intervalpower2_*_interval
두 power-limit classes의 magnitude, window와 sysfs naming을 비교합니다.
Package burst PL2 power limit
167-181| 항목 | 한국어 전문 번역 |
|---|---|
| What | /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/power2_cap |
| Date | 2025년 5월 |
| KernelVersion | 6.15 |
| Contact | intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org |
| Description | Package의 burst power limit(PL2)입니다. 일반적으로 milliseconds 단위인 window에서 평균한 power가 이 limit을 넘으면 power controller가 operating frequency를 throttle합니다. 읽은 값 0은 PL2 power limit이 disabled임을 뜻하고 0을 쓰면 limit을 disable합니다. PL2는 PL1보다 크며 그 time window는 PL1보다 짧습니다. 특정 Intel Xe graphics platforms에서만 지원합니다. |
| Access | Read-write |
| Unit | Microwatts |
Card PL2 averaging interval
182-190| 항목 | 한국어 전문 번역 |
|---|---|
| What | /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/power1_cap_interval |
| Date | 2025년 5월 |
| KernelVersion | 6.15 |
| Contact | intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org |
| Description | Sustained power를 평균하는 card burst power-limit interval, 즉 PL2/Tau의 Tau를 milliseconds 단위로 설정합니다. 특정 Intel Xe graphics platforms에서만 지원합니다. |
| Access | Read-write |
| Unit | Milliseconds |
Package PL2 averaging interval
191-198| 항목 | 한국어 전문 번역 |
|---|---|
| What | /sys/bus/pci/drivers/xe/.../hwmon/hwmon<i>/power2_cap_interval |
| Date | 2025년 5월 |
| KernelVersion | 6.15 |
| Contact | intel-xe@lists.freedesktop.org |
| Description | Sustained power를 평균하는 package burst power-limit interval, 즉 PL2/Tau의 Tau를 milliseconds 단위로 설정합니다. 특정 Intel Xe graphics platforms에서만 지원합니다. |
| Access | Read-write |
| Unit | Milliseconds |
Card PL1 limit and energy
sysfs-driver-intel-xe-hwmon:1-40power1_max와 power1_max_interval은 card의 sustained PL1 limit과 Tau window를 제어하고, power1_rated_max와 energy1_input은 default TDP와 누적 energy를 제공합니다.